KING TEARE
  • THE OPENING ACT
  • THE HOUSE OF ARTS AND HUMAN INTELLIGENCE
  • THE ORDERS
    • CRYPT
    • NOW
    • POSSIBLE
    • VISSIBLE
    • INQUIRE
  • ACADEMIC BLOG
  • MANIFESTO
  • THE FUTURE
  • BOOK ME
  • FORGET-ME-NOT PIN
  • THE LIGHT MARK - TEMPORARY TATTOO

ACADEMIC BLOG

From Caesar to Teare: The Enduring Legacy of Power Reflected within Newcastle Castle Keep.

6/14/2025

0 Comments

 
Picture
King Teare: Newcastle Keep from Caesar to Teare
 
Introduction: The Need for Transformation
On the same day I visited the Holy Island of Lindisfarne (Adam, 2009, Teare, 2025), I also explored Newcastle Castle Keep (Buswell, 1984). This fortress stands as more than a historic landmark, it’s a symbol of layered identity, power, and the quiet resilience of the North (Adams, 2013, Teare, 2025). This blog piece argues for a radical rethinking of our cultural institutions, and an education revolution rooted in equity, empathy, and historical awareness (Fadil, Sudrajat & Amboro, 2021). Through Newcastle’s legacy, we reflect on the disparity of knowledge, invisible hierarchies, and the possibilities for collective change (Drury & Reicher, 2000).
 
Newcastle and the Performance of Pride
Newcastle is a city rich with invention and cultural memory, but that pride can distort perspective (Tracy & Robbins, 2007, Brannon, 2023). While the region played a role in breakthroughs like with the steam engine and the electric lightbulb’s first ever public demonstration, these were not isolated phenomena (Grandpierre, 1997). Scientific progress is collective, and ideas often emerge simultaneously in different places (Turner, 2014, p. 221). Regional exceptionalism can warp our understanding of how knowledge flows, through networks, through cultural osmosis, and through the unconscious (Turner, 2014).

Our recent football victory, as our first major cup in 70 years (Clarke, 2011), offered a unifying story, celebrated nationally. But this civic momentum must be channelled into something greater: tackling food insecurity, housing inequality, and systemic exclusion. I recently visited a food bank and was struck by the dignity of those working in a broken system. Why is this level of need normalised? Why does meaningful policy change seem so slow?
 
Misconceptions of Ability and the Politics of IQ
The myth of "ability" is too often framed through falsehoods like eugenic  theory (Jamieson, 1996) or reductionist models of intelligence (Davidson & Downing, 2000). Environmental, social, and emotional contexts shape what people can do (Davidson & Downing, 2000, p. 68). Many with privilege fail to notice their advantages until directly confronted. This is not merely ignorance, it’s a symptom of cultural conditioning and unprocessed fear. Those at the top often become conservative, not politically but psychologically, terrified of falling back down the perceived hierarchy.

Risk-aversion defines much of our governance. It inhibits innovation and silences activists. The system is not broken by accident, as it is held in place by caution disguised as pragmatism. Hence the Geordie phrase that drives me: "Shy Bairns Get Nowt." The world is hard by design, but it needn't be. Systems can be made more accessible, more empathetic, more human. We need a cultural shift guided by ethics and spiritual clarity, drawing on figures we all respect historically like Jesus (Brinsley, 1652, deHaven-Smith, 2001), Dr. King (King, 1964), Augusto Boal (Boal, 1974), Princess Diana, and Queen Elizabeth II (Mollick, 1964).

If I’d had the chance to meet our late Queen, I’d have shared my work on participatory democracy, as story-based leadership for a tool with justice. Her legacy was shaped not just by tradition as many perceive, but by key interventions, such as protecting women’s aid organisations in their early development (Hilton, year unknown). So, what makes a legacy? 
 
Light and Reclamation
When the lightbulb was first turned on at Newcastle’s Lit and Phil (Robbins & Mead, 1989), it wasn’t a test, it was a performance. Science is often staged. Demonstrations are theatre with the intent to inspire, convince, and legitimise. And like all theatre, it asks an audience to suspend disbelief. In some ways, science and magic are siblings especially in it's presentation style for demonstrations.

Cultural icons like Ant and Dec (Leggot, 2021), Northeast figures who grew up alongside us, have flirted with Invisible Theatre too. Their comedy, from Pokémon rap battles to public pranks, used storytelling to shift perception. I would remind them that as artists and educators, we should examine how narrative empowers the public to confront their oppressions.

Boal’s legacy (Boal, 1974, 1980, 1998, Boal J, Howe & Soeiro, 2019), continued by his son Julian (Boal J, 2023), warns us that even well-intentioned performances can reinforce harm, if not carefully constructed. Ethical storytelling is not about avoiding violence or discomfort; it’s about the truth behind those depictions. Tarantino (Pagello, 2020), often misunderstood, doesn’t glorify brutality; he reframes it. "Once Upon a Time in Hollywood" is trauma reimagined, giving the viewer symbolic justice. That’s a kind of therapy, a way to break narrative imprisonment.
 
Data, Dependency, and the Price of Access
Economic growth charts mean little if the people are left behind. Many people in positions of authority have blind faith in statistics (Ziegler, 2007). If your methods only measure profits or surface-level wellbeing, you miss the emotional, spiritual, and communal toll of modern life. Regions are plagued by addiction, poor mental health, and chronic insecurity, amplified by the recent legacy of the pandemic years. Our response must be holistic, grounded in lived experience and positive reinforcement.

We already have the knowledge to address many of these problems and what we lack is the access to education, and critical assessment, as it's is behind a paywall. If we removed it, we’d see an education revolution. Competitiveness is overrated and we need cooperation. We need learning as community repair because when someone becomes curious, they will simply continue learning. We must foster curiosity in education (Caldas, 2020).
 
The Castle as a Metaphor and a Reality
Newcastle Castle isn’t just a historical site, it’s a physical symbol of authority, defence, and transition. Built during the Norman consolidation of England (Freeman, 1873), the castle marked dominance and controlled one of the most strategic river crossings in the country. Standing atop the Keep, overlooking the Tyne, you're suspended in time, caught between stone fortification and the skyline of post-industrial ambition.

Inside, the exhibitions reflect key events like the English Civil War, while the architecture whispers of feudal power and domestic life. This is what Ashworth and Tunbridge (1990) meant when they described heritage as the construction of collective memory. And as Smith (2006) argues, heritage sites aren’t just about the past they shape our belonging and cultural continuity.

Newcastle Castle is a living artefact. It holds a mirror up to who we were and who we are. It reminds us that legacy can defend or empower. And it calls us to question what kind of future we are constructing. Interestingly the mantel of Caesar is connected to the site (Burley, 1993, p. 120). History tells us that the foundation stones for the Castle were taken from Hadrian Caesar’s wall (Burley, 1993, p. 125). Julius, the father of cryptography (Grant, 1976), his legacy reached all the way to Newcastle Castle, and it still stands strong today (Burley, 1993). Standing atop the keep I considered my own legacy and the concept of a mantel shared and it’s symbolic meaning (Chambers, 1895).  
 
Though not explicitly theatrical, Newcastle Castle radiates an ambient dramaturgy. Its corridors, towers, and secluded chapels feel like cryptic backdrops, waiting to be activated by performance (Turner, 1969). The emblems of the Three Lions embedded within the architecture signal a symbolic convergence: royal authority, pride, and collective aspiration. Three could be a symbol of the holy trinity or maybe there is more to discover here. Historically, this motif represented sovereign continuity. Today, it's plastered across stadiums, jerseys, and national campaigns for belief and unity. Inside, the small spiritual chamber had a disproportionate impact with me. There, ritual meets architecture. These are spaces not just for defence or worship, but for mythmaking: invocations of kingship, divine right, and national destiny. By merely walking these halls, we participate in an unwitting performance of heritage. History, in this sense, is not just studied but enacted. To feel oneself as part of history is a subjunctive experience, in Turner’s terms, a momentary rupture in linear time, where the self merges with ancestral narrative.
 
Conclusion: Legacy and Awakening
Newcastle city is a place with the potential to lead. But we must unlearn old structures, reject inherited inequality, and embrace new forms of knowledge and leadership. The Keep reminds us that power is always contested. The lightbulb shows us that performance matters even in the invisible/dark. The food banks are telling us that empathy is action. If we’re to make lasting change now, it will be because we redefined what counts as intelligence, what counts as success, and what we are all willing to stand for. Let this be the start of an education revolution, not just of schools, but of hearts, minds, and the systems we participate in. 

Bibliography
Adam, D. (2009) The Holy Island of Lindisfarne. New York: Morehouse.
Adams, M. (2013) The King in the North: the life and times of Oswald of Northumbria. London: Head of Zeus
Ashworth, G.J., & Tunbridge, J.E. (2000). The Tourist-Historic City (1st ed.). Routledge.
Bergmann, S. (2017). Religion, Space, and the Environment. London: Taylor & Francis.
Boal, A. (1974). Theatre of the Oppressed. London: Pluto Press.
Boal, A. (1980). Stop! C’est Magique!. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira.
Boal, A. (1998) Legislative Theatre: Using Performance to Make Politics. London: Routledge.
Boal, J., Howe, K., & Soeiro, J. (2019). The Routledge companion to Theatre of the Oppressed. New York: Routledge.
Boal, J. (2023) Theatre of the Oppressed and its Times. 1st edn. Abingdon: Routledge.
Brannon, T.N. (2023) ‘Pride-and-prejudice perspectives of marginalization can advance science and society’, Current Directions in Psychological Science, 32(1), pp. 73–80. 
BRINSLEY, J., (1652) Mystical implantation, or, The great gospel mystery of the Christian's union, and communion with, and conformity to Jesus Christ both in His death and resurrection opened and applyed / by John Brinsley. London
Burley, A. R., 1993. Hadrian: The Restless Emperor. London: Thames & Hudson.

Buswell, R.J. (1984) ‘Reconciling the past with the present: Conservation policy in Newcastle upon Tyne’, Cities, 1(5), pp. 500–514. 
Caldas, B. (2020) ‘The Boal-Freire nexus: Rehearsing praxis, imagining liberation in bilingual teacher education’, L2 Journal: An Open Access Refereed Journal for World Language Educators, 12(2), pp. 1–18. 
Chambers, R. W., 1895. The Yellow King (or The King in Yellow). New York: Street & Smith.
Clarke, G. 
(2011) Newcastle United: Fifty years of hurt. London: Random House.
Davidson, J.E. and Downing, C.L. (2000) ‘Contemporary models of intelligence’, in R.J. Sternberg (ed.) Handbook of intelligence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 34–49. 
deHaven-Smith, L. (2001). The Hidden Teachings of Jesus: The Political Meaning of the Kingdom of God. York Beach, ME: Red Wheel/Weiser.
Drury, J. and Reicher, S. (2000) ‘Collective action and psychological change: The emergence of new social identities’, British Journal of Social Psychology, 39(4), pp. 579–604. 
Fadli, M.R., Sudrajat, A. and Amboro, K. (2021) ‘The influence of "Sorogan" method in learning history to increase historical understanding and historical awareness’, International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 10(1), pp. 300–307. 
Freeman, E.A. (1873) The History of the Norman Conquest of England: Its Causes and Its Results. Volume 4. Oxford: Clarendon Press for Macmillan and Company, New York. 
Grandpierre, A. (1997) ‘The physics of collective consciousness’, World Futures: Journal of General Evolution, 48(1–4), pp. 23–56. 
Grant, M., 1976. The 12 Caesars. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
Hilton, M. (year unknown) ‘Women’s Aid Federation’, in A historical guide to NGOs in Britain. (Publisher and year details needed), p. 255. 
Jamieson, J.W. (1996) ‘Intellectual ability, evolution and eugenics’, Mankind Quarterly, 36(3), p. 381.
King, M.L. (1964). Why We Can’t Wait. New York: Harper & Row.
Leggott, J. (2021) The North East of England on Film and Television. London: Palgrave Macmillan. 
Mollick, K. (2014) ‘Queen Elizabeth II and Princess Diana’, in M. Celis and E. Childs (eds.) Global women leaders: Studies in feminist political rhetoric. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 19. 
Pagello, F. (2020) Quentin Tarantino and Film Theory: Aesthetics and Dialectics in Late Postmodernity. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. 
Robbins, C. and Mead, C., 1989. The History of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle 1896-1989. Newcastle: Newcastle City Library. 
Smith, L. (2006) Uses of Heritage. London ; New York: Routledge.
Teare, K. (2025) ‘The House of Arts and Human Intelligence’, King Teare. Available at: https://wwwkingteare.com/thehouseofartsandhumanintelligence (Accessed: 14th of June 2025).
Teare, K. (2025) 'Holy Island of Lindisfarne is important, but perhaps even more than people might think. My journey to Lindisfarne - King Teare', King Teare. Available at: www.kingteare.com/academic-blog/holy-island-of-lindisfarne-is-important-but-perhaps-even-more-than-people-might-think-my-journey-to-lindisfarne-king-teare#/ (Accessed: 14th of June 2025).
Tracy, J.L. and Robins, R.W. (2007) ‘The nature of pride’, in J.L. Tracy, R.W. Robins and J.P. Tangney (eds.) The self-conscious emotions: Theory and research. New York: Guilford Press, pp. 263–282. 
Turner, M. (2014) The origin of ideas: Blending, creativity, and the human spark. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 
Turner, V., 1969. The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-Structure. Chicago: Aldine Publishing.
Ziegler, R. (2007) ‘Resist blind faith in statistics’, Alternatives Journal (AJ) – Canada’s Environmental Voice, 33.

0 Comments

Holy Island of Lindisfarne is important, but perhaps even more than people might think. My journey to Lindisfarne - King Teare.

2/13/2025

 
Picture
King Teare: A Pilgrimage of my own making, to a Holy Island.

Framing the Discussion
Reflecting on my recent visit to the Holy Island of Lindisfarne (Adam, 2009), I was struck by the convergence of history, spirituality, and landscape. Known for its pivotal role in early Christianity in England (Wild, 2010), the island fostered a profound connection to the narratives shaped by this sacred space.
Understanding my own place within academia (Teare, 2023), and the progress/discoveries I’ve already made (King Teare, 2025), Lindisfarne carried a deeper significance for me perhaps than for the average visitor, not only as a site of historical/cultural transformation, but also as a space that resonates with my research into hidden performances, power structures, and the unseen forces that shape history.

A Living Narrative: Where History and Performance Meet
Lindisfarne is more than just a historic site; it is a place where history, spirituality, and landscape merge into a living narrative. Shaped by centuries of pilgrimage (Wells, 2016, p. 57), devotion, and storytelling, the island holds an undeniable sense of significance (Gameson, 2017, p. 135). Its landscape, formed by faith and conflict alike, provides a perfect theatrical backdrop, blurring the lines between history, performance, and tourism (Sharpley & Telfer, 2023, p. 130). Everywhere I turned, I found moments of theatre, whether in the way the castle loomed like an imposing set, against the sky backdrop, or in the delighted reactions of children - who really did believe I was a literal king. Maybe I am one? (Sun, 2022). I am thinking of the song (Stevens, 2023) 'King of a Land' by Cat Stephens. 

Walking up Pilgrims Way (Dowson et al., 2019, p. 73) felt like stepping into an ancient performance, where history, myth, folklore (Higham, 2018, p. 3), and the force of nature intertwined. Inside the castle, I discovered a tiny room with a stage. An ideal space for an intimate solo performance. I imagined a musician playing a lute there by candlelight, evoking a time when music and storytelling were central to community life (Nanson, 2021). The immersive power of small-scale theatre struck me in a new way, reinforcing how space and setting shape an audience’s experience (Freitag et al., 2020). As an Invisible Theatre (Boal, 1974; Boal, 1980; Boal, Howe and Soeiro, 2019; King, 1964; Lovett, 2019; Sobel, 2022; Tudorache, 2019) practitioner, I’m fascinated by the intersection of theatre and belief (Rozik, 2002), and Lindisfarne embodied this beautifully. Even my own presence in regal attire added to the spectacle, with onlookers feeding into the atmosphere. Performance, in many ways, is a shared experience, one that invites participation and interpretation (Harpin and Nicholson, 2016, p. 7).
​
Spiritual Resonance and Sacred Landscapes
Beyond its theatricality, Lindisfarne carries a profound spiritual presence. The nearby garden overlooking the castle had an almost meditative energy, reinforcing the sense of pilgrimage. Having attended the Lindisfarne Festival twice, finally setting foot on the island felt like an important personal and cultural milestone wrapped in layers of history. Even the small stacks of stones dotting the coastline which has a technical term of rock balancing art (Stringer, 1999), also has a strong folk element as a tradition, including claims of Scottish origins. However rock balancing itself is not uniquely Scottish. Similar practices exist worldwide, such as Zen stone stacking in Japan, Buddhist cairns in Tibet, and Inuit inuksuit in North America. The modern artistic form of rock balancing is a contemporary global practice rather than an ancient Scottish tradition. However it felt like physical manifestations of devotion. Though the castle staff downplayed any spiritual significance there, I couldn’t shake the feeling that Lindisfarne held deep, unknown energies. 

Lindisfarne in Contemporary Storytelling
The island’s impact extends beyond its ancient roots (Van der Kiste, 2017), finding new life in modern narratives. Danny Boyle’s decision to use Lindisfarne as a setting for his upcoming film '28 Years Later' (Danley, 2024), highlights the island’s eerie isolation, linking its historical solitude to contemporary stories of survival and resilience. Rituals, whether ancient or cinematic, shape how we interpret spaces (Bergmann, 2017). As a researcher and community arts practitioner, I see storytelling and ceremony as essential social tools, methods of preserving history while reimagining it for new audiences.
The National Trust (Newby, 1995) has done an excellent job of maintaining the site; however, greater investment in digital engagement (Tanner, 2020) and social media could further enrich public interaction with Lindisfarne’s heritage. By integrating contemporary tools, the visitor experience could be enhanced, making the island’s traditions more accessible and participatory in the years to come.

Theatre and Ritual: A Shared Tradition
Ultimately, theatre and ritual are inseparable (Rozik, 2002, p. 66), as seen in diverse traditions ranging from the pagan roots of Christmas (Parry, 2022) to the symbolic acts of communion (Brinsley, 1652), among many others. The winter solstice was a festival long before it became a Christian holiday (Walter, 2014), and even Father Christmas has druidic origins (Lévi-Strauss, 1993, p. 3). Our traditions evolve through cultural adaptation (Kumar & Jha, 2024), absorbing older narratives into new forms. Theatre operates in the same way, constantly reshaping ideas to remain relevant (Wallace, 2018). In many ways, Jesus themselves (Esler, 1995, p. 47) could be seen as a master performer (Yount, 2008, p. 45), using spectacle, parables, hidden knowledge (deHaven-Smith, 2001), and public engagement to spread a powerful message. History is filled with recurring myths of divine figures (Leeming, 1990), saviours, warriors, and miracle-workers, whose stories echo across cultures. Jesus is perhaps the most enduring, but his 'universe' shares striking lore with others: the Roman god Mithras (Clauss, 2001), celebrated on December 25th; the Greek hero Hercules (Anderson, 1928), born of a mortal woman and a god; the Egyptian goddess Neith (Murdock, 2008), associated with virgin birth; and the Horus story which has a lot of overlap with Christ as he's a deity linked with resurrection. These parallels hint at an ancient tradition of weaving celestial archetypes (Herzberg, n.d.) into the fabric of our shared belief (Bar-Tal, 2000). Perhaps a hidden script that has shaped our spiritual narratives for millennia's.

Lindisfarne, with its deep history and layers of belief, stands as a living example of how ritual and performance continue to shape our understanding of the world. As I stood atop the castle, dressed as a king, I couldn’t help but wonder: why should kingship be inherited when it can simply be performed (Morgenroth & Ryan, 2018)? If theatre has taught me anything, it’s that power lies in the act, in the affect and in the inspiration that grows.

The Politics of Fear
My beliefs have led me to view the politics of fear as a root cause of many conflicts and the marginalisation of individuals and groups. Fear of ‘the other’ has often been represented through the metaphor of cannibalism, an anxiety about being consumed by difference. This is central to the politics of fear (Ahmed, 2014, p. 64). Tales of human sacrifice and cannibalism were historically exaggerated and distorted to justify the enslavement of non-Europeans as a labour force in the colonies (Buck-Morss, 2009, p. 117). The amplification of these fears reinforced the perception of ‘the other’ as dangerous, making it easier to rationalise colonial violence.


The religious transformation of Lindisfarne reflects a broader dynamic in which Christianity did not merely suppress pagan traditions but also absorbed and reshaped them. The Viking raid of 793 AD was framed by Christian monks as an act of barbaric violence by pagan ‘others,’ reinforcing a moral and theological divide. However, the success of Christianity in Britain was not solely due to coercion, it also offered spiritual and social structures that many willingly embraced. Ideas once seen as radical, such as the divinity of Christ or the doctrine of love and charity, became embedded within institutions and daily life. The construction of ‘the pagan’ as savage and dangerous was not only a religious narrative but also a political tool to consolidate power. Yet, this process was complex, involving both suppression and integration, with elements of older belief systems persisting within Christian practice.

The oppressed often internalise the worldview of their oppressors, making it difficult to perceive what truly serves their interests (Freire, 1970, p. 62). This dynamic fosters an attraction towards the oppressor's way of life, despite its exploitative nature (Freire, 1970, p. 62). Historically, fears surrounding ‘the other’ have been reinforced through exaggerated narratives, such as myths of cannibalism, which were used to rationalise colonial violence and exploitation. Similarly, racial slurs have been weaponised to dehumanise marginalised groups, entrenching social hierarchies and justifying systemic oppression. This process fostered deep-seated anxieties that continue to shape social structures and perceptions of difference today (Ahmed, 2014, p. 64). Such fantasies of the extreme, for instance cannibalism, cement the idea of ‘the other’ as a threat to life itself, reinforcing fear-based justifications for oppression (Ahmed, 2014, p. 64). These narratives played a significant role in defending European exploitation of Africa (Buck-Morss, 2009, p. 117).

On Lindisfarne, this fear-based framing was crucial to Christianising the region. The island had long been a spiritual centre, as suggested by its prominence in early medieval monastic records (Bede, 731) and archaeological evidence of pre-Christian ritual activity (O’Sullivan, 2018). Before Christianity took hold, local belief systems likely included elements of Norse and Celtic paganism, reflected in surviving place names, oral traditions, and the broader syncretic religious landscape of early medieval Britain (Hutton, 1991).

This fear of ‘the other’ is not only historical but continues to shape societal structures. The way an outsider is portrayed impacts our ability to engage with them. This influence starts in childhood, where negative experiences or even the mere threat of disapproval from parents, religious institutions, or the state, can restrict a child’s freedom to interact with difference (Edelman, 2004, p. 21).

The Origins and Decline of Democracy

The consolidation of power through fear-based narratives not only shaped religious and social structures but also influenced the development of political systems. The struggle between the powerful and the powerless has long been a defining feature of governance, and in Ancient Greece, this dynamic played a key role in the emergence of democracy.

The origin of the word 'politics' is intriguing. In Ancient Greece (before 500 BC), polis referred to the collective body of those without power, the weak (Boal, 1998, pp. 16-17). A farmer, for instance, had to provide five-sixths of his produce to the landlord, leaving him with very little. Without individual political influence, his only power came from uniting with others who were similarly oppressed (Boal, 1998, pp. 16-17). Polis thus represented the strength of the powerless, a force that gave rise to democracy. The term ‘democracy’ itself derives from demos (people) and cracia (rule), with the public square functioning as a space for discussion rather than mere transit (Boal, 1998, pp. 16-17).

However, modern democracy has largely devolved into spectacle, where political engagement is often reduced to a performance designed to maintain the illusion of participation rather than genuine public influence (Debord, 1967; Chomsky, 1999; Boal, 1998; Rancière, 1999; Crouch, 2004). Today’s politicians, statesmen, and world leaders frequently function as dishonest deceivers, manipulating public opinion through empty rhetoric (Bennington, 2016, p. 1). Public discourse now serves to obscure inequalities under the guise of democratic legitimacy (Bennington, 2016, p. 1). Because knowledge and health are sources of power, economic elites seek to limit access to both, ensuring that an uninformed and weakened population remains easier to control (Boal, 1998, p. 33).

Neoliberalism has exacerbated these issues, transforming political institutions into mechanisms that serve capital rather than people (Bennington, 2016, p. 1). Former colonial nations are now forced to confront their past, yet social cohesion is fracturing as people become increasingly polarised. This division benefits those who exploit public frustration to maintain their control.

A contemporary crisis, such as a pandemic, further highlights these disparities. While the virus disproportionately affects marginalised groups and enables vast profiteering by the privileged, it also fosters grassroots activism. Historically, wealth has consolidated in the hands of corrupt elites, dictators have used division as a tool of control, and civilisations have collapsed due to natural disasters and disease (Ledwith & Springett, 2010, p. 13). The decline of democracy echoes the decline of once-powerful societies, just as Lindisfarne, once a centre of learning and faith, fell to a combination of external threats and internal shifts.

In this sense, Lindisfarne serves as a microcosm of broader historical cycles where fear-based narratives lead to oppression, ideological dominance, and eventual decline. The transformation of the island from a pagan landscape to a Christian stronghold, and later to a relic of the past, mirrors the way fear and control shape the fate of societies. Understanding this history offers insight into the continued use of fear as a tool for division and control today.

Law and the Nature of Evil
It seems the primary justification for law is the idea that evil is inherent in human interactions. Laws would be unnecessary if wrongdoing were not a possibility, just as the concept of evil would be meaningless without the existence of law (Esposito, 2010, p. 65). The potential for harmful actions is ever-present in human relationships, and law serves as the standard by which conduct is judged (Esposito, 2010, p. 69).

At the foundation of human existence lies freedom, which inherently contains the possibility of wrongdoing. As Esposito (2010, pp. 66-67) explains, “The history of nature begins with goodness, for it is the work of God; but the history of freedom begins with evil, for it is the work of man.” Laws, then, are a means of negotiating the tension between freedom and responsibility.

Affective Politics and Invisible Theatre
My approach of using theatre as a reflective tool, as only the human being is human (Boal, 1998, p. 114), with the unique ability to reflect upon emotions, moods, and theories of affect (Salvador, 2014, p. 5) is interdisciplinary. This perspective considers how political discourse mobilises emotions, shapes identity, and fosters active citizenship (Tait, 2016; Gregg & Seigworth, 2010).

Invisible Theatre, in particular, provides a means of deconstructing systemic fantasies rooted in colonisation and fear. By immersing audiences in performative disruptions of everyday life, it challenges the narratives that sustain oppressive structures. My studies contribute to the ‘affective turn’ in theatre research, highlighting the role of experiential, sensory, and emotional engagement in political resistance (Thompson, 2007).

Understanding the politics of fear and the decline of democracy through the lens of performance, allows for a deeper interrogation of power structures. Theatre, as a site of reflection and disruption, holds the potential to reshape perceptions and offer alternative visions of social and political engagement.

Lindisfarne Castle: A Space of Transformation
This dive into this cultural history is only accessible at low tide via a causeway that offers a brief but meaningful journey into its isolation (Brown, 2023). Originally a 16th-century fortress, the castle later transformed into a country retreat under Sir Edwin Lutyens’ designs in the early 1900s. His touches, like intricate fireplaces and elegant wooden beams, add a homely charm to the austere setting. As you wander through its intimate rooms, the blend of strategic military structure (Kazumine, 2013) and domestic comfort offers a glimpse into Edwardian ideals of merging beauty with function (O'Neill & Hatt, 2010)..

For centuries, pilgrims have visited Lindisfarne, drawn by its legacy of spirituality (Adam, 2009). Walking around the castle, it’s almost impossible not to reflect on the peaceful silence and the sense of removal from the busy world. From the battlements, the view of the North Sea offers a striking reminder of both nature’s beauty and the isolation that the monks would have felt.

Experiencing Lindisfarne: A Journey Through Time
A trip to Lindisfarne Castle isn’t just about exploring history; it’s about experiencing the deep stillness of the island itself. If you plan to visit, be sure to check the tide schedules to ensure safe passage and take time to breathe in the tranquillity that makes this place unforgettable. For any visitor, Lindisfarne offers a kind of time travel.

In AD 635, the Irish monk Aidan established a monastery on Holy Island at the request of King Oswald of Northumbria (Adams, 2013). This monastery became a renowned centre of early Christianity, closely associated with St. Cuthbert and the creation of the Lindisfarne Gospels (Backhouse, & British Library, 1987). However, Viking raids in the late 8th and 9th centuries severely disrupted the monastic community. Despite these attacks, historical evidence suggests the monastery was never entirely abandoned (Gameson, 2017, p. 1). It was later re-established in the 12th century as Lindisfarne Priory, the ruins of which still stand today.

For centuries, it was widely believed that the original monastery was located where the present-day priory and parish church now stand. However, archaeological excavations conducted between 2016 and 2018 uncovered structures on the Heugh, a rocky ridge overlooking the island. These findings suggest that this elevated area may have been part of the early religious settlement. A reconstruction of an Anglo-Saxon church discovered during these excavations offers new insights into the layout and significance of Lindisfarne in its earliest days.

Conclusion: The Power of Place 
Arriving to the site, I was instantly captivated by its rugged beauty. I found myself contemplating the lives of the monks who dedicated themselves to their faith. A significant part of local history is the 'Lindisfarne Gospels', produced on the island, and it’s worth seeing this remarkable artifact to appreciate the artistry and devotion involved in its creation. I was reminded of scholars like McCauley (2008), who discuss how sacred spaces foster community identity. The landscape itself seemed to echo with the prayers and practices of those who came before.

Lindisfarne is not merely a historical site; it is a living narrative of faith, culture, and identity. Tilley’s (1994) ideas on how landscapes shape our understanding resonate deeply with my experience, as I felt an undeniable connection to the heritage of this place, especially considering my own spiritual leanings (Lewis, 2009; Harrington, 2007; Pokorny, 1908). There's even a famous band and a famous mead named after the site.

My visit was a meaningful exploration of how history and spirituality intertwine in shaping narratives. This journey reaffirmed my belief in the power of place to evoke a sense of belonging and identity. In a way, Lindisfarne itself is a stage, one that continues to host performances of faith, history, and culture. My time there was both an exploration and an enactment, reinforcing my belief in theatre as a means of connection (Gatt, 2020; Theriault, 2009).

Bibliography
Adam, D. (2009) The Holy Island of Lindisfarne. New York: Morehouse.
Adams, M. (2013) The King in the North: the life and times of Oswald of Northumbria. London: Head of Zeus
Anderson, A. R. (1928). Heracles and His Successors: A Study of a Heroic Ideal and the Recurrence of a Heroic Type. Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, 39, 7–58. 
Backhouse, J. & British Library (1987) The Lindisfarne Gospels. 1st paperback ed. 1987. London: Phaidon.
Bar-Tal, D. (2000). Shared Beliefs in a Society: Social Psychological Analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Bergmann, S. (2017). Religion, Space, and the Environment. London: Taylor & Francis.
Boal, A. (1974). Theatre of the Oppressed. London: Pluto Press.
Boal, A. (1980). Stop! C’est Magique!. Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira.

Boal, A. (1998) Legislative Theatre: Using Performance to Make Politics. London: Routledge.
Boal, J., Howe, K., & Soeiro, J. (2019). The Routledge companion to Theatre of the Oppressed. New York: Routledge. 
BRINSLEY, J., (1652) Mystical implantation, or, The great gospel mystery of the Christian's union, and communion with, and conformity to Jesus Christ both in His death and resurrection opened and applyed / by John Brinsley. London
Brown, M. (2023) Bede and the theory of everything. London, UK : Reaktion Books

Chomsky, N. and Herman, E. S. (1999) Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media. New York: Pantheon Books.
Clauss, M. (2001). The Roman Cult of Mithras: The God and His Mysteries (1st ed.). Routledge. 
Crouch, C. (2004) Post-Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Danley, B.I. (2024). 28 Years Later (Movie Review): Uncovering The Truth Behind The Range Virus Saga. Independently Published.
Debord, G. (1967) The Society of the Spectacle. Paris: Buchet-Chastel.
deHaven-Smith, L. (2001). The Hidden Teachings of Jesus: The Political Meaning of the Kingdom of God. York Beach, ME: Red Wheel/Weiser.
Dowson, R., Yaqub, M.J., Raj, R. & C.A.B. International, issuing body (2019) Includes bibliographical references and index. Spiritual and religious tourism : motivations and management. Wallingford, Oxfordshire.
Esler, P.F. (ed.) (1995). Modelling Early Christianity: Social-Scientific Studies of the New Testament in Its Context. London: Routledge.
Freitag, F., Molter, C., Mücke, L.K., Rapp, H., Schlarb, D.B., Sommerlad, E., Spahr, C. and Zerhoch, D. (2020) ‘Immersivity: An interdisciplinary approach to spaces of immersion’ International Ambiances Network.
Gameson, R. (2017) The Lindisfarne gospels: new perspectives. Leiden; Boston: Brill.
Gatt, I., 2020. Theatre—A space for human connection. Taboo: The Journal of Culture and Education, 19(2), p.5.
Harrington, M., 2007. Paganism and the New Age. In Handbook of New Age (pp. 435-452). Brill.
Harpin, A. and Nicholson, H. (eds) (2016) Performance and Participation: Practices, Audiences, Politics. London: Red Globe Press.
Herzberg, B. (n.d.) Astrology, Archetypes, the Sun and the Self. Astrodienst. Available at: https://www.astro.com/astrologie/in_bh_jungmysticism_e.htm (Accessed: [15/02/2025].
Higham, N.J. (2018) King Arthur: the making of the legend. New Haven: Yale University Press
Kazumine, A. "The Strategic Value of Territorial Islands from the Perspective of National Security." Review of Island Studies 1 (2013): 54-69.
King, M.L. (1964). Why We Can’t Wait. New York: Harper & Row.
Kumar, M., Jha, A.K. (2024). Adaptation: Cultural Evolution. In: Shackelford, T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Religious Psychology and Behavior. Springer, Cham.
Leeming, D.A. (ed.) (1990). The World of Myth: An Anthology. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lévi-Strauss, C. "father Christmas executed." Unwrapping Christmas (1993): 38-51.
Lewis, J.R., 2009. Celts, druids and the invention of tradition. In Handbook of contemporary paganism (pp. 479-496). Brill.
Lovett, L., (2019). Making a scene in London and Rio de Janeiro: Invisible Theatre and Urban Performance after Augusto Boal (1931-2009). PhD Thesis: University College London.  
McCauley, R. N. (2008). Why Religion is Natural and Science is Not. New York: Oxford University Press.
Morgenroth, T. and Ryan, M.K., 2018. Gender trouble in social psychology: How can Butler’s work inform experimental social psychologists’ conceptualization of gender?. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, p.1320.
Murdock, D. M., S, A. (2008). Christ in Egypt: The Horus-Jesus Connection. Italy: Stellar House Publishing, LLC.
Newby, H. & National Trust (1995) The National Trust: the next hundred years. London: National Trust.
Nanson, A. (2021) Includes bibliographical references and index. Storytelling and ecology: empathy, enchantment and emergence in the use of oral narratives. London England: Bloomsbury
O'Neill, M. and Hatt, M. eds., 2010. The Edwardian sense: art, design, and performance in Britain, 1901-1910 (Vol. 20). Yc British Art.
Parry, N. (2022). How Christmas Became Christmas: The Pagan and Christian Origins of the Beloved Holiday. United States: McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers.
Pokorny, J., 1908. The Origin of Druidism. The Celtic Review, pp.1-20.

Rancière, J. (1999) Disagreement: Politics and Philosophy. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Rozik, E. (2002). The Roots of Theatre: Rethinking Ritual and Other Theories of Origin. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press.
Sharpley, R., Telfer, D. J. (2023). Rethinking Tourism and Development. United Kingdom: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Sobel, A. (2022) All the world’s a stage: covert action as theatrical performance, Intelligence and National Security, 37(4). Pages: 569 - 580. 
Stevens, C. (2023). King of a land [Song]. In King of a Land. BMG.
Stringer, P.C. (1999). An Intimate Exploration of Rock Stacking as a Sacred Art Form Evoking the Numinous Experience. PhD thesis. Pacifica Graduate Institute.
Sun, E. (2022) Succeeding King Lear: Literature, Exposure, and the Possibility of Politics.
New York: Fordham University Press.
Tanner, S. (2020) Delivering impact with digital resources: planning strategy in the attention economy.
Teare, K. (2023) Legislative Theatre: drawing on a critical autoethnographic methodology to build from its strengths and limitations. Unpublished Master’s thesis: Newcastle University.
Teare, K. (2025) ‘The House of Arts and Human Intelligence’, King Teare. Available at: https://wwwkingteare.com/thehouseofartsandhumanintelligence
(Accessed: 14 February 2025).
Theriault, S.A., 2009. The Development of Theatre: Peter Brook and the Human Connection. Inquiries Journal, 1(12).
Tilley, C. (1994). A Phenomenology of Landscape: Places, Paths, and Monuments. Oxford: Berg.
Tudorache, A. (2019). You Are the Engine of Change - Invisible Theatre Manual. Bucharest: A.R.T. Fusion Association. 
Wallace, C.W. (2018) The evolution of English drama up to Shakespeare with a history of the first Blackfriars theatre. Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter
Walter, P. (2014). Christian Mythology: Revelations of Pagan Origins. Translated by C. Lecouteux. Rochester, VT: Inner Traditions.
Wells, E. (2016). Pilgrims Routes of the British Isles. Ramsbury: Croword Press.
Wild, R. (2010) ‘Nature Saint and Holy Island, Ancient Values in a Modern Economy: The Enduring Influence of St Cuthbert and Lindisfarne, United Kingdom.’ Sacred Natural Sites. London: Routledge.
Van der Kiste, J. (2017). We Can Swing Together: The Story of Lindisfarne. Stroud: Fonthill Media.
Yount, W. (ed.) (2008). 'Jesus: The Master Teacher', in The Teaching Ministry of the Church. Nashville, TN: B&H Academic, p. 45.

© KING TEARE, All Rights Reserved

  • THE OPENING ACT
  • THE HOUSE OF ARTS AND HUMAN INTELLIGENCE
  • THE ORDERS
    • CRYPT
    • NOW
    • POSSIBLE
    • VISSIBLE
    • INQUIRE
  • ACADEMIC BLOG
  • MANIFESTO
  • THE FUTURE
  • BOOK ME
  • FORGET-ME-NOT PIN
  • THE LIGHT MARK - TEMPORARY TATTOO